In modern Western witchcraft, a “witch” is typically defined as someone who practices magic or ritual work, often drawing on ancient, spiritual, or nature-based traditions. The modern concept of a witch can vary widely depending on the individual or tradition, but common themes include:

1. Connection to Nature: Many modern witches view their practice as deeply connected to the natural world, working with the elements (earth, air, fire, water) and cycles of nature (moon phases, seasonal changes).
2. Use of Magic: Witches often engage in magical practices, which might include casting spells, using symbols (like sigils), and working with objects such as herbs, crystals, candles, and other tools to direct energy towards specific intentions or goals (e.g., healing, protection, manifestation).
3. Spirituality: Modern witchcraft is often seen as a form of spirituality that may include honoring deities, ancestors, or spirits, though it is not necessarily tied to any single religion. Some witches identify as Wiccan, while others may be eclectic, drawing from a variety of traditions.
4. Empowerment and Self-Growth: Many witches view their practice as a way to develop personal power, self-awareness, and inner strength. It can be deeply personal, with each individual defining their own practices and beliefs.
5. Inclusivity and Reclaiming: In recent years, witchcraft has become a symbol of reclaiming power, especially for marginalized groups, and is often associated with themes of feminism, activism, and social justice.

A modern witch may or may not practice in a formal group (coven), and practices are often very individualized. The term “witch” has also been reclaimed from its historical negative connotations of persecution and fear, becoming a positive and empowering identity for many.